Practical Considerations in the Design of Passive Free Piles in Sliding Soil

The stabilisation of shallow translational landslides can be carried out by using large
diameter concrete piles, with the aim of increasing the available strength along the slip surface. In the following article, 3D numerical models of a free-head flexible pile embedded into a translational type of landslide are studied. The landslide model as a given inclination angle, β, and a thickness, D, while the reinforced concrete pile as a fixed diameter, d, and a length, D + L, in the perspective of studying the failure modes B1, BY and B2 of free-head flexible piles. In this category of piles, collapse is reached with the formation of plastic hinges. Both the soil and the concrete are modelled with simple constitutive models, such as Mohr–Coulomb for soil and the elastic-perfectly plastic for the concrete pile, in order to carry out the design approaches provided by Eurocode, as well as to highlight some practical aspects of soil–structure interaction during the landslide displacements. The results highlight how the achievement of the shear strength in a flexible free-head concrete pile
generally precedes the achievement of the ultimate bending moment associated with the development of plastic hinges. Furthermore, the axial load supported by the pile may itself contribute to the overall strength available along the slip surface.